Installation

• Before we start with the Linux commands we need to set up our windows systems.
  • To begin with, we will need two things:
  • Windows PowerShell: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/windows-terminal/9n0dx20hk701#activetab=pivot:overviewtab
  • Install WSL(Windows Subsystem for Linux): https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install

• Linux Commands:

  • "ls"

    • ls :This command allows you to view all the items in the current folder

  • "ls -l"

    • ls -l :This command allows you to view in details about all the items in the current folder

  • "mkdir"

    • mkdir linuxtutorial :Create new folder linuxtutorial

  • "cd"

    • cd linuxtutorial :Change directory ---> means entering into a folder named linuxtutorial

  • "ls -a "

    • ls -a : Shows all the files including hidden files as well in that directory

  • "touch"

    • touch ex1.txt :It created a new file ex1.txt

  • "echo abcdef > xyz.txt"

    • echo "helloworld" > ex1.txt : helloworld will be printed in ex1.txt file

  • "cat"

    • cat ex1.txt :To display contents inside a file named ex1.txt

  • "pwd"

    • pwd :It basically shows in which directory you are in right now

  • "ls -R"

    • ls -R :It will show all the files present in the sub-directory

  • "man"

    • man echo :To get information about a particular command "echo"

  • "cp"

    • cp ex1.txt copy_ex1.txt :To copy file,in this example ex1.txt was copied as copy_ex1.txt

  • "mv"

    • mv ex1.txt file1 :To move file/folder, in this example ex1.txt was moved into file1
      • "mv" can also be used to rename files
        • mv ex1.txt ex2.txt :In above example ex1.txt was renamed to ex2.txt

  • "rm"

    • rm ey.txt :To remove files(Be careful while using this command ,it permanently deletes the content)

  • "cp -R"

    • cp -R file1 copy_file1 :To copy a complete directory(folder)

  • "rm -R"

    • rm -R copy_file1 :To delete a complete directory(folder)

  • "sudo"

    • sudo -h :You can execute the command as an administrator

  • "df"

    • df :To check out system's disk space usage

  • "head"

    • head ex.txt :To view the first few lines of any file

  • "tail"

    • tail ex.txt :To view the last few lines of any file

  • "diff"

    • diff ex.txt ex2.txt :Compare two files ,line by line and gives o/p which doesn't matches view the last few lines of any file

  • "find"

    • find . :Find in current directory
    • find file2 :Find in file2 directory
    • find . -type d :Find in current directory of type "directory"
    • find . -type f :Find in current directory of type "file"
    • find . -type f -mmin -20 :In current directory find all files modified less than 20 min ago
    • find . -type f -mmin +15 :In current directory find all files modified more than 15 min ago
    • find . -size +1k :Find in current directory of size greater than 1kb
    • find . -empty :Find in current directory in which all files are empty

  • "sudo chown"

    • sudo chown root upper.txt : To change the owner who can access a particular file or directory. In the above example owner "root" can access upper.txt

  • "grep"

    • grep "devops" ex1.txt : It allows us to search some text inside files and it is case sensitive. In the above example search "devops" in ex1.txt

  • "grep -i"

    • grep -i "devops" ex1.txt : It allows us to search some text inside files and because of "-i" it becomes case insensitive. In the above example search "devops" in ex1.txt

  • "grep -n"

    • grep -n "devops" ex1.txt : It gives us the line number of the required text inside files. In the above example, it gives the line no. of "devops" in ex1.txt

  • "grep -wirl"

    • grep -wirl "devops" . : It searches the file's location in which "devops" is present in current directory

  • "history"

    • history : It shows all commands we have used in past

  • "history | grep "ls"

    ( Here '|' is known as piping)
    • history | grep "ls" : Shows all the commands where "ls" was used

  • "sort"

    • sort ex1.txt : Sorts the content in right order inside a file

  • "sort -r"

    • sort -r ex1.txt : Sorts the content in reverse order inside a file

  • "ping"

    • ping google.com : To check connectivity status

  • "wget"

    • "**wget**" : You can download files from internet using this command

  • Commands Related to OS:

    • "uname"

      • uname : It shows which kernel we are using (Linux)

    • "name -o"

      • uname -o : To check the type(GNU/Linux)

    • "name -m"

      • uname -m : To check the architecture

    • "uname -r"

      • uname -r : To check the kernel version

    • "lscpu"

      • lscpu : To get all the details of CPU